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Impressionists
It is dangerous to lay down rigid criteria for defining so individualistic a group of artists as the Impressionists, so the movement must be described in terms of very general attitudes and techniques from which numerous exceptions have to be noted. By and large the group was in opposition to the academic training of the schools, although Manet and Degas at least were well-grounded in the principles of Classical art derived from an extensive study of the older masters. They were in revolt from the basic principle of Romanticism that the primary purpose of art is to communicate the emotional excitement of the artist and that the recording of nature is secondary. They repudiated imaginative art, including historical subjects, and were interested rather in the objective recording of contemporary and actual experience. Their outlook was nevertheless distinct from that of Social Realism. Social amelioration was not one of their aims and they saw no merit in the representation of vulgarity or ugliness.
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