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In the UK, it is recommended that drivers should turn off their car engines when they expect to be stationary for more than 1 minute. To drivers to turn off their engines while waiting at rail crossings, the Kent city council placed a sign at the crossing asking drivers to “please switch off your engine when barriers are down to help improve air quality.” On average, drivers had to wait between 2 and 3 minutes to cross after the barrier had gone down. , the sign didn’t seem to be convincing the majority of drivers to switch off their engines. “Although some research suggests that signs alone can change , the message on this sign was designed simply to be an informational request and was not guided by any particular behavioral theory,” the researchers explain. So the research team, led by Rose Meleady of the University of East Anglia, designed an intervention study.